Introduction – Carbon dioxide gas is an important constituent of air. The main sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide such as volcanic activities, respiration, the decay of living organisms, and combustion of fuels. During the eruption of volcanoes, carbon dioxide is released from the interior of the earth which goes into the atmosphere.  Animals and plants…

Carbon monoxide – Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless and odorless gas and is produced mainly by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, and coal. It is also produced by the incomplete combustion of wood. The amount of carbon monoxide in the exhaust fumes of some of the inefficient motor…

Air contains a large number of particulates. A small fraction of the particulates present in the air is metallic particles. The metallic particles are present in the air of mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, beryllium, aluminum metals, nickel, arsenic, vanadium, zinc, iron, and tin. All the metallic particles are poisonous to some extent to all living…

Oxygen is essential for combustion (burning), corrosion, and respiration. If the amount of oxygen is increased in the air then the processes such as combustion, corrosion, and metabolism will become very fast and lead to harmful results. It can be explained as below If the amount of oxygen is increased in the air then the…

Acidic gases in the air – These gases which combine with water to form acids are called acidic gases. There are some of the acidic gases are nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide. The sulphur dioxide gas is present as a polluted air forms sulphuric acid whereas the nitrogen dioxide gas is found in a polluted…

Introduction – Radioactivity is a phenomenon in which the nuclei of atoms of certain unstable elements undergo spontaneous disintegration and emit alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. The gamma rays emitted by radioactive substances are a kind of electromagnetic radiation having very high energy and they are extremely harmful to living organisms. The pollution…

Air – It is mainly a mixture of two gases – Nitrogen and Oxygen which is colorless, tasteless, and invisible. Air is an extremely important natural resource, which is essential for all living things due to all the living things breathe in air and exists life on the earth. If the air is polluted with…

Cyclones – It refers to the most intense storms on sea with powerful winds due to low pressure. In this powerful storms large number of trees, electric poles, and houses are damage where the cyclone activates. Today “Nisarg” cyclone is activate in  Arabian sea that damages trees, houses. and many more in Mumbai and several…

The various administrative and legislative measures taken to reduce the pollution and conserve the natural resources on long-term basis are known as environmental planning. Environmental planning includes all that need to be done to improve the environment and several ways of achieving the objective which are discussed below The several  elements of environmental planning are…

Unplanned technical growth in an area disturbs the delicate equilibrium existing in the ecosystem of that area, and may even lead to disastrous results for the organism of that area. So when starting any project for the development of an area, it is necessary to look into the long-term effects of such a project on the environment….