The various administrative and legislative measures taken to reduce the pollution and conserve the natural resources on long-term basis are known as environmental planning. Environmental planning includes all that need to be done to improve the environment and several ways of achieving the objective which are discussed below

The several elements of environmental planning are discussed here:

Conservation of Natural Resources:

All the natural resources are divided in two resources which include renewable resources and non renewable resources. The renewable resources of earth are used only at the rate at which they are replenished in nature. If the renewable resources are used at the rate of replenishment, an ecological imbalance will occur. For example – ground water is a renewable resources, which is replenished by nature through water cycle. But if we tap out more ground water than is replenishment by rainfall, the level of water will go down. This will harm the crops. Wood is also resources, which comes from forests and trees. The trees grow naturally in the forest. But if we cut down trees at a speedy rate in the forests for wood than can grown by natural process, which may create imbalance in nature and affect the environment severely.

The non renewable resources of earth should be used at sparingly as possible. In other words, the non renewable resources are used at the minimum possible rate of consumption, so that they are available for mankind at a long time. The reason is that, once exhausted, the non-renewable resources of Earth cannot be created rapidly. Fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, and petroleum are important non-renewable resources of energy, which should be used at a slow rate. The metal ores, which are present in the crust of Earth is another important non-renewable resources, which is also used slowly with great caution and care.

Conservation of wild life

The large scale of killing of wild animals in the forests by human beings, is a serious threat for the survival of animals and bird species. This also disturbs the food chain in which these animals occur resulting in undesirable consequences for the whole ecosystem. For example – The large scale of killing of snakes disrupts the food chain and creates an imbalance in nature. Snake is a friend of farmer as it eats rats and mice, which are pests and damages the crops. When the population of snakes is rapidly reduced due to large scale of killing, the population of rats and mice rapidly increases and damages the crops resulting in the loss of the production of the food grains.

It is very important to conserve wild-life or wild animals to maintain the ecological balance in nature. There are some steps for the conservation of wildlife, which are discussed below

• Laws should be imposed for the large scale killing of animals and birds should be mads punishable.
• The natural habitats of wild animals and birds should be preserved by establishing national parks and sanctuaries throughout the country.
• Even if some type of wild animals and birds are in abundance today, their random killing should not be allowed by the forest authorities.
• Special attention should be paid to the conservation of endangered species of wild animals and birds to prevent their extinction altogether.