Introduction – World Diabetes Day is celebrated annually on November 14 across the world to celebrate the birth anniversary of Sir Frederick Banting that invented the insulin hormone along with Charles Herbert Best in the year 1922. The main aim of this international day is to highlight the complications of chronic disease worldwide. Diabetes is also the main cause of several diseases such as blindness, kidney failure, heart attack or stroke. A healthy diet, physical exercise or activity, and avoiding tobacco lower the risk of type-2 diabetes.

Diabetes – It is one of the metabolic disorders that occur when the level of sugar in the blood is very high. As we know glucose is one of the main sources of energy that from the food we eat and the pancreas produces a hormone known as insulin can be used for converting the glucose which comes from the food into energy. If the body does not produce sufficient insulin that converts the glucose into energy, then sugar level rises in our body which is known as diabetes. Diabetes is very harmful for our health as it affects the heart health which is responsible for heart attack or stroke.

Types of diabetes – There are different type of diabetes which are discussed below –

1. Type 1 diabetes – In this type of diabetes, the immune system of the body destroys and attacks cells in the pancreas where insulin is made. Normally, this type of diabetes was diagnosed in children and young adults that means it may occur in any age. Around 10 percent of people are suffered with this type of diabetes. If any individual who are suffering from type-1 diabetes then need to take insulin daily to stay alive.
2. Type 2 diabetes – In this type of diabetes, it may occur when the level of sugar in the blood is too high and the cells become insensitive to insulin. It is one of the most common forms of diabetes that occurs older and middle-aged people.
3. Gestational diabetes – In this type of diabetes, it may occur some women during pregnancy However, most of the cases of Gestational diabetes are prevented after the baby is born. It is important to note that if any women are suffered with this type of diabetes when they are pregnant then it may increase the risk of developing type-2 diabetes in future.

Symptoms of diabetes – There are some of the symptoms of diabetes are as given below –

• Increase appetite
• Loss of vision
• Reduce in weight
• Fatigue
• Frequent urination
• Increased thirst

Causes of diabetes –Generally, several causes of diabetes which depend upon the health, family history, environmental factors, ethnicity, family history and genetic makeup.

Prevention – To prevent diabetes, we should reduce or maintain the blood sugar level by several physical exercises, avoid drink or smoking and taking insulin daily. There are some other activities to prevent the diabetes are as given below –

• Avoid fatty or spicy food
• Regular take insulin injections
• Physical exercise
• Prescribed medicines
• Take healthy food
• Avoid drink or smoke