Diabetes – It is a chronic disease that occurs when the blood sugar (glucose) is very high. Diabetes is also a long-lasting disease, which occurs either when the human body does not use the insulin it produces or when the pancreas in the human body cannot produce enough insulin. Insulin is a hormone, which controls or maintains the blood glucose in the human body. This chronic disease affects all ages of people. If any individual does not treat diabetes, then it may damage the eyes, nerves, kidneys, and many other organ parts in the human body.

Different Types of Diabetes – There are three important types of diabetes that occur in people are given below –

1. Type 1 Diabetes
2. Type 2 Diabetes
3. Gestational Diabetes

 Let us discuss type 1 diabetes briefly

Type 1 Diabetes – Type 1 diabetes is also called as insulin-dependent diabetes and is a chronic condition in which the immune system of the human body damages insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. In this type of diabetes, the pancreas makes less or no insulin in the human body. Generally, type 1 diabetes is diagnosed in young individuals and children thus, this type of diabetes is also known as juvenile diabetes. The main cause of type 1 diabetes is the lack of insulin in the body. This type of diabetes may occur at any age but it often occurs during childhood or young age.

Causes of Type 1 Diabetes – The main or exact cause of type 1 diabetes is not known. But if the immune system of the body damages the insulin-making cells in the pancreas then it may cause type 1 diabetes. As per the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the cause of type 1 diabetes is due to genetics. The other causes of type 1 diabetes are exposure to viruses and several other environmental factors.

Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes – There are several symptoms of type 1 diabetes are given below –

1. Dry mouth
2. Frequent urination
3. Extreme thirst
4. Fatigue
5. Weakness and Tiredness
6. Blurred vision
7. Excessive hunger
8. Weight loss
9. Frequent infections of your vagina, skin, or urinary tract
10. Rapid breathing

Risk factors of type 1 diabetes – There are some risk factors of type 1 diabetes are discussed below –

1. Genetics – If you have certain genes then it may enhance the risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
2. Family history – If the parent or sibling of any individual is suffered from type 1 diabetes then it may slightly increase the risk of developing this type of diabetes.
3. Age – Generally type 1 diabetes that develops in children and young individuals and is also one of the most common chronic conditions which occur in childhood. Type 1 diabetes mainly develops in those children whose age is younger than 14 years old.
4. Geography – Type 1 diabetes occurs in those people or individuals who travel away from the equator.

Complications – The complications of type 1 diabetes may affect main organs including nerves, kidneys, eyes, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and many more organs. A normal or lower blood sugar level may reduce the risk of several complications.

There are several complications of type 1 diabetes that may lead threaten your life are discussed below –

1. Damage Kidneys – The Kidneys are the main organs in the human body that contains tiny blood vessels which maintain waste from entering the human blood. Type 1 diabetes may damage and lead to kidney failure or end-stage kidney disease. The treatment of end-stage kidney disease is dialysis or a kidney transplant.
2. Heart and blood vessel disease – Type 1 diabetes may enhance the risk of several problems in the blood vessels and heart. This type of diabetes may also cause coronary artery disease with a heart attack or stroke, high blood pressure, narrowing of the arteries, and chest pain (angina).
3. Harm eyes – Type 1 diabetes may harm the blood vessels in the retina that may cause blindness. This type of diabetes may also enhance the risk of several other serious vision problems such as glaucoma and cataracts.
4. Pregnancy complications – Type 1 diabetes may be harmful for the baby This type of diabetes can enhance the risk of stillbirth, birth defects, and miscarriage.
5. Nerve damage – High sugar levels in the blood may harm the walls of the tiny blood vessels which feed the nerves. It may cause burning, pain tingling, or numbness mainly in the legs. This problem starts at the tips of the fingers or toes that spread upward. It also harms the nerves which affect the digestive system that may cause several problems such as vomiting, constipation, nausea, or diarrhea. It may also cases erectile dysfunction mainly in male people.
6. Foot damage – Type 1 diabetes can harm nerves in the feet that enhance the risk of several foot complications.
7. Skim and mouth conditions – Type 1 diabetes may increase the risk of infections of the skin and mouth. It also causes fungal and bacterial infections, dry mouth, gum disease, and many more.

Prevention – There is no known way to prevent this type of diabetes but low sugar levels in the blood may lower the risk of effects of type 1 diabetes.