Contraception is also called as birth control is a method that can be used in preventing unwanted pregnancy. In ancient times, birth control has been used but safe and effective methods of conception become available in the 20^th century. Family planning is achieved by using contraceptive methods and the treatment of spontaneous infertility.

The main effective contraceptive methods are tubal ligation in females, sterilization or vasectomy in males, implantable birth control, and intrauterine devices (IUDs). It is followed by several homemade methods such as vaginal rings, injections, oral pills, and patches. There are less effective contraceptive methods that include physical barriers such as diaphragms, birth control sponges, condoms, and fertility awareness methods. Safe sex practices include the use of male or female condoms that may help in preventing sexually transmitted diseases. But other methods of contraception can note used in protecting against sexually transmitted infections. After unprotected sex, emergency birth control may prevent unwanted pregnancy if taken within 72 to 120 hours.

Unwanted pregnancies are at greater risk of poor consequences in teenagers. Complete sex education and contraception reduce unwanted pregnancies in teenagers. Generally, youngsters who use long-acting reversible birth control such as vaginal rings or intrauterine devices (IUDs) are more successful in decreasing the number of teenage unwanted pregnancies

There are millions of women who are not using modern birth control methods in preventing pregnancies in developing countries. Contraception has reduced the number of deaths at the time of pregnancy by around 40 percent. Birth control may improve the delivery of adult women outcomes and the survival of their kids by lengthening the time gap between pregnancies. Birth control may enhance economic growth due to more women active in the workplace and less use of rare incomes.